Anleggseiendom
Anleggseiendom (construction property) is a separate matrikkelenhet for a building or structure that has been separated from the ground property it sits on, above or below. Typical examples are marine installations that extend across the seabed, a deck over a motorway, underground structures such as metro systems or basement car parks, and buildings that cantilever over or hang beneath another property.
The legal basis is section 5, first paragraph, letter b of the Cadaster Act, which lists anleggseiendom as one of five matrikkelenhet types alongside grunneiendom, festegrunn, eierseksjon and jordsameie. An anleggseiendom is defined as a building or structure, or part of one, that is physically and functionally delimited and that extends into, under or above another property without forming part of it. Ownership is three-dimensional and is bounded by the extent of the structure itself, not by a boundary on the ground.
Creating one requires a cadastral survey and registration in the matrikkel in the same way as when a grunneiendom is subdivided. Registration in the matrikkel is carried out by the kommune, while registration of title to the new anleggseiendom takes place at Kartverket. The anleggseiendom is given its own bruksnummer under the gårdsnummer it sits on, and becomes an independent legal object: it can be sold, mortgaged, divided into sections and burdened with easements independently of the ground property below. The remaining land under or around the anleggseiendom stays a separate grunneiendom with its own registered owner.
An anleggseiendom presupposes that the physical structure actually exists or is under construction; a mere plan for a future structure is not enough. The law requires the anleggseiendom to be suitable as a functionally and legally delimited unit, and it cannot be a non-independent part of another property. This delimitation is what separates anleggseiendom from ordinary eierseksjoner: sections sit inside a building that stands on one grunneiendom, while an anleggseiendom is itself the physical unit that crosses boundaries.
There are many practical uses. Light rail routes and metro lines under private land are registered as anleggseiendommer so that the infrastructure can be owned by Bane NOR or the relevant company without the landowners above losing their ground property. Deck development over public roads, such as Operakvarteret above Dronning Eufemias gate in Bjørvika, works the same way. Marine installations such as aquaculture facilities and quay structures can be registered as anleggseiendom on the seabed, provided the conditions in the Cadaster Act are met. Large office and retail buildings that cantilever over a pavement or road are also often handled by creating an anleggseiendom for the cantilevered part.
For a buyer or developer, it is important to understand that an anleggseiendom gives no rights to the land around or beneath it outside the physical extent of the structure. Access, rights of use and easements must be regulated separately against the underlying ground property, often combined with registered agreements on maintenance, access and insurance.
In Placepoint, anleggseiendommer appear in the map layers that use the matrikkel as their source, and the property panel shows the property type and delimitation when you click such a unit in the map.
How this looks in Placepoint
In Placepoint you find this in Property panel:
From Placepoint's glossary: Anleggseiendom
More information: Lovdata: Cadaster Act section 5, Kartverket: the matrikkel, Store norske leksikon: anleggseiendom
English: Construction property (independent cadastral unit such as a tunnel or bridge, Norwegian-specific).
Frequently asked questions
What is an anleggseiendom?
An anleggseiendom is a separate matrikkelenhet for a building or structure that extends into, above or below another property. It is delimited three-dimensionally by the structure itself.
What is the difference between anleggseiendom and eierseksjon?
An eierseksjon is part of a building on one grunneiendom. An anleggseiendom is a building or structure that crosses property boundaries, for example a metro tunnel under private land or a deck over a road.
Where is anleggseiendom set out in law?
In section 5, first paragraph, letter b of the Cadaster Act, which lists anleggseiendom as one of five matrikkelenhet types.
How is an anleggseiendom created?
Through a cadastral survey and registration in the matrikkel by the kommune, followed by registration of title at Kartverket. The physical structure itself must either exist or be under construction.
Can an anleggseiendom be divided into sections?
Yes. An anleggseiendom can be divided into sections under the Owner Sections Act in the same way as a grunneiendom, so that different parts of the structure get their own owners.