Parking
Parking covers all standing of vehicles beyond a brief stop for setting down or picking up passengers or for loading. For a developer, parking is nearly always a central topic in both the kommuneplan (municipal master plan) and the reguleringsplan (zoning plan): how many spaces are required, where they are to be placed, and how much cycle parking must be provided.
On public roads, parking is governed first and foremost by the trafikkreglene (traffic rules) and by signage. Conditional parking, that is, paid or time-limited parking in publicly accessible areas, is regulated in the parkeringsforskriften (parking regulations). The regulations apply to both municipal facilities and private car parks at shopping centres, housing co-ownerships and commercial buildings, and they set requirements for signage, a complaints scheme, standardised charges and universally designed spaces. Statens vegvesen and Klagenemnda for parkeringssaker (Parkeringsklagenemnda) are central bodies.
In planning cases, the municipality sets parking norms that give a minimum or maximum number of spaces per dwelling unit, per employee or per square metre of commercial floor space. Over the past ten years the trend has moved from minimum requirements to maximum norms, particularly in city municipalities and close to public transport hubs, where the purpose is to reduce car use and give priority to public transport, cycling and walking. Oslo, for example, has detailed parking norms in the kommuneplanens arealdel (land use element of the municipal master plan) that differ by zone and function. Byggteknisk forskrift TEK17 § 8-8 (the technical building regulations) requires provision for cycle parking and car parking for people with reduced mobility in new buildings, and charging facilities for electric cars in many cases.
In terms of cost, parking is among the heaviest drivers in dense urban development. A space in an underground car park typically costs 350,000 to 700,000 kroner depending on ground conditions, depth and the size of the project, and high requirements for the number of spaces can be decisive for the economics of a project. Buy-out (frikjøp), where the developer pays the municipality instead of providing its own spaces, has its legal basis in plan- og bygningsloven § 28-7 (the Planning and Building Act) and is used where the municipality can provide joint solutions.
In Placepoint you find the applicable reguleringsplan with its provisions in the property panel, and parking requirements appear in the plan's textual provisions.
How it looks in Placepoint
In Placepoint you find this in the Property panel:
From Placepoint's dictionary: Parking
More information: Lovdata: Parkeringsforskriften, DiBK: TEK17 § 8-8, Lovdata: plan- og bygningsloven § 28-7, Store norske leksikon: parkering
Norwegian: Parkering.
Common questions
What are parking requirements in zoning plans?
Parking requirements state the minimum number of parking spaces per dwelling unit or per square metre of commercial premises that must be provided in a development. The requirements are set by the municipality in the reguleringsplan.
What are maximum norms for parking?
Many city municipalities have moved from minimum requirements to maximum norms for parking, particularly close to public transport hubs. The purpose is to reduce car use and encourage public transport and cycling.
Can parking requirements reduce the profitability of a housing project?
Yes, parking is expensive to build, especially in an underground car park. A space in an underground car park typically costs 350,000 to 700,000 kroner depending on ground conditions and the size of the project. Parking requirements are one of the most important cost drivers in dense urban development.
What are cycle parking requirements?
In addition to car parking, many municipalities require cycle parking and charging facilities for electric bikes. TEK17 also requires provision for cycle parking in new buildings.
Can I see the parking requirements for a property in Placepoint?
Placepoint shows the applicable reguleringsplan for a property. The parking requirements appear in the plan's provisions, which you can read directly alongside the zoning map in Placepoint.